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DemoDr A. Khan

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FOCUS model

A structure for every 10-minute station.

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A simple, memorable framework for a patient-centred, safe consultation. Same structure, different patients, better outcomes.

Good conversations lead to better care.

  1. F

    Focused assessment

    Explore the problem and gather the key information.

    • Open the consultation and clarify the agenda
    • Explore symptoms and history using focused, relevant questioning (biopsychosocial)
    • Examine if appropriate
    • Summarise and check understanding

    Useful phrases

    • Can you tell me more about that?
    • Is there anything else you're worried about?
  2. O

    Patient's perspective

    Understand the person behind the problem.

    • Explore ideas about the cause
    • Explore concerns (including red flags)
    • Explore expectations
    • Explore the impact on daily life (work, home, relationships)
    • Consider cultural, social and psychological context

    Useful phrases

    • What do you think might be causing this?
    • What are you most worried about?
    • How is this affecting your day-to-day life?
  3. C

    Options

    Discuss and agree a plan.

    • Share your assessment (in clear, non-jargon language)
    • Discuss management options (including no treatment)
    • Consider and incorporate the patient's preferences and circumstances
    • Agree a plan together

    Useful phrases

    • There are a few options we can consider...
    • What do you think would work best for you?
    • Shall we agree a plan together?
  4. U

    Understand and address risk

    Keep the patient safe.

    • Consider red flags and safety issues
    • Assess and manage risk (clinical, psychological, safeguarding, social)
    • Provide safety-netting and clear instructions for seeking further help
    • Involve others if appropriate

    Useful phrases

    • If things get worse, or you notice X, please seek help urgently.
    • Just to be safe, let's also discuss...
  5. S

    Summary

    Check and close effectively.

    • Summarise the key points
    • Check the patient's understanding
    • Confirm and agree the next steps
    • Ensure safety-netting is clear
    • Close the consultation positively

    Useful phrases

    • Let me summarise what we've discussed...
    • Is there anything else you'd like to ask?
    • Take care, and please do get in touch if...